Tag: Internal Organizational Environment

Functional Areas of Business

Departments in a business organization are structured according to certain functions.  The departments of various organizations will differ depending on the type of business. Below are four main functions that tend to be general to most organizations. Production The production department is responsible for transforming raw materials into finished products. They are also responsible for…

Functions of Management

Planning   All managers must plan, that is, setting out steps for the attainment of future organizational objectives.  It involves formulating the policies and programmes for the firm.   Organizing  Organization reduces cost, time, chaos and conflicts.  Managers must obtain all the necessary tools, machinery and personnel for each task and arrange all tasks so that…

Responsibilities of Management

Management must be aware of their responsibilities to the various groups that they interact with for the successful running of the business.   1. To the owners of the business (this also includes shareholders) Managers are expected to ensure efficiency in all areas of the business.   2. To employees – Managers must pay adequate…

Organizational Charts

An organizational chart is a diagram of the organization of an enterprise. Its pyramid shape illustrates the hierarchy system that exists in the organization. The most senior position in the organization is placed by itself at the apex. The pyramid gets wider towards the bottom depicting the greater number of workers at its base. Those…

Types of Organizational Charts

Line or Direct The line organizational chart depicts a straight line of command. Authority is said to flow downwards only in the line organization. The line organizational structure is found in schools or in the military. Functional Organizational Chart The Functional organization chart is a diagram of an organization that is arranged by its functions.…

Characteristics of a Good Leader

A leader is someone who has been given authority over a group of individuals. His job is to motivate the group to achieve the goals set out for it.  Leadership is therefore about influencing or inspiring an organized group towards the accomplishment of goals. Below are the characteristics of a good leader.   Integrity It…

Leadership Styles

Autocratic This type of leader makes all decisions and asks members only to be obedient in following orders.  He will give detailed instructions and closely supervise subordinates. Advantage Time is not wasted consulting with others to reach a decision. Disadvantage Workers must comply with directives given by the leader and therefore the organization will not…

Sources of Conflict within an Organization

Unfair treatment of workers Unfair dismissal Discrimination Health related issues The need for protective clothing Poor ventilation Harmful fumes from chemicals   Wages and fringe benefits Nonpayment of allowances Underpayment

Methods used to gain an upper hand during Periods of Conflict

Workers organize themselves to collectively deal with conflicts. This is done through the trade union. A Trade Union is an organization of persons employed in an industry who have joined together in order to improve their wages and working conditions. Methods used by Trade Unions  1. Strikes 2. Sick-out 3. Work-to-rule 4. Go slow 5.…

Strategies used to resolve Conflicts

Collective Bargaining   Collective bargaining is the process whereby the union representative on behalf of the employees and management, negotiate the terms of their agreement which are incorporated in the employees’ contract of employment.  It is a means to reach an agreement between trade unions and employers. The Role/Function of the Trade Union 1. To ensure…