The following videos are organised by topic in accordance to the CXC Chemistry Syllabus. 1 – Principles of Chemistry Particle Theory of Matter Three States of Matter Pure Substance vs. Mixtures vs. Compounds Solutions vs. Suspension vs. Colloids Separation Techniques Solubility Extraction of Sucrose from Sugar Cane Structure of The Atom Atomic Number and Mass Number…
Category: Chemistry
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Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Introduction to Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry is the study of chemical compounds which have been derived from plants and animals and contain one or more carbon atoms. There are millions of organic compounds, many of which are now made in the laboratory. The reason for this large number of compounds is because organic compounds are…
The Alkanes
The Alkanes We will start with the simplest homologous series called the Alkanes. As with all homologous series, the members of the series all have things in common and vary in a defined way. Each member of the Alkane series has carbon- hydrogen single bonds only. They are called saturated compounds because of this. All…
Chemical properties of the Alkanes
Chemical properties of the Alkanes 1) They combust in oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water and heat. It is this heat which makes them good fuel sources. e.g. C2H6 (g) + 7/2 O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 3H20(g) + heat C8H20(g) + 13 O2(g) → 8CO2 (g) + 10H2O(g) + heat 2) They undergo substitution…
Structure Formula
Structure Formula The Structural formula is the way an organic compound is arranged in space. The structure of methane, thane and butane is shown below. As you can see each carbon atom has 4 bonds and each carbon is linked together in a chain.
Isomerism
Isomerism Organic compounds are capable of being arranged in different ways. Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements are called isomers. Hydrocarbons exhibit isomers when there are 4 or more carbons in the chain. Let’s look at 2 isomers butane and methyl propane. The molecular structure for both butane and methyl propane…
Exothermic and Endothermic reactions
Exothermic and Endothermic reactions In chemical reactions bonds are formed and broken. The breaking of bonds requires the absorption of heat, which is the lowest energy applied to reactants before bond breaking occurs. This energy is called activation energy (AE) of the reaction. Formation of the bonds results in the release of energy to the…